CYBER-BASICS 2 :SMB

 WHAT IS SMB?

There are multiple ways to transfer a file between two hosts (computers) on the same network. One of
these protocols is studied in this example, and that is SMB (Server Message Block). This communication
protocol provides shared access to files, printers, and serial ports between endpoints on a network. We
mostly see SMB services running on Windows machines.
During scanning, we will typically see port 445 TCP open on the target, reserved for the SMB protocol.
Usually, SMB runs at the Application or Presentation layers of the OSI model, pictured below. Due to this, it
relies on lower-level protocols for transport. The Transport layer protocol that Microsoft SMB Protocol is
most often used with is NetBIOS over TCP/IP (NBT). This is why, during scans, we will most likely see both protocols with open ports running on the target. We will see this during the enumeration phase

Using the SMB protocol, an application (or the user of an application) can access files at a remote server,
along with other resources such as printers. Thus, a client application can read, create, and update files on
the remote server. It can also communicate with any server program that is set up to receive an SMB client
request.

Despite having the ability to secure access to the share, a network administrator can sometimes make
mistakes and accidentaly allow logins without any valid credentials or using either guest accounts or
anonymous log-ons

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